TY - JOUR
T1 - Brain volumetrics differ by Fiebig stage in acute HIV infection
AU - Bolzenius, Jacob
AU - Sacdalan, Carlo
AU - Ndhlovu, Lishomwa C.
AU - Sailasuta, Napapon
AU - Trautmann, Lydie
AU - Tipsuk, Somporn
AU - Crowell, Trevor A.
AU - Suttichom, Duanghathai
AU - Colby, Donn J.
AU - Phanuphak, Nittaya
AU - Chan, Phillip
AU - Premeaux, Thomas
AU - Kroon, Eugène
AU - Vasan, Sandhya
AU - Hsu, Denise C.
AU - Valcour, Victor
AU - Ananworanich, Jintanat
AU - Robb, Merlin L.
AU - Ake, Julie A.
AU - Pohl, Kilian M.
AU - Sriplienchan, Somchai
AU - Spudich, Serena
AU - Paul, Robert
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the RV254/SEARCH010 and RV304/SEARCH013 participants, the International NeuroHIV Cure Consortium (INHCC.net) support that is funded by the National Institute of Mental Health, and staff from the Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Chulalongkorn University and AFRIMS for their valuable contributions to this study. We are grateful to the Thai Government Pharmaceutical Organization (GPO), ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences and Merck for providing the antiretroviral medications for this study.
Funding Information:
V.V. reports grants from NIH, other from UCSF, during the conduct of the study; personal fees from ViiV Healthcare, personal fees from Merck, outside the submitted work. L.C.N. reports being a recipient of grants from the NIH during the conduct of this study and has received consulting fees from work as a scientific advisor for AbbVie, ViiV Healthcare and Cytodyn and service on the Board of Cytodyn outside of the submitted work. S.S. reports grants from NIH – NIMH & NINDS, during the conduct of the study; nonfinancial support from ViiV Healthcare, outside the submitted work. R.P. reports grants from NIH – NIMH. KMP reports grants from NIH NIMH and NIAAA, and funding from Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI). For the remaining authors no disclosures were declared.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023/5/1
Y1 - 2023/5/1
N2 - Objective:People with chronic HIV exhibit lower regional brain volumes compared to people without HIV (PWOH). Whether imaging alterations observed in chronic infection occur in acute HIV infection (AHI) remains unknown.Design:Cross-sectional study of Thai participants with AHI.Methods:One hundred and twelve Thai males with AHI (age 20-46) and 18 male Thai PWOH (age 18-40) were included. Individuals with AHI were stratified into early (Fiebig I-II; n = 32) and late (Fiebig III-V; n = 80) stages of acute infection using validated assays. T1-weighted scans were acquired using a 3 T MRI performed within five days of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Volumes for the amygdala, caudate nucleus, hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, pallidum, putamen, and thalamus were compared across groups.Results:Participants in late Fiebig stages exhibited larger volumes in the nucleus accumbens (8% larger; P = 0.049) and putamen (19%; P < 0.001) when compared to participants in the early Fiebig. Compared to PWOH, participants in late Fiebig exhibited larger volumes of the amygdala (9% larger; P = 0.002), caudate nucleus (11%; P = 0.005), nucleus accumbens (15%; P = 0.004), pallidum (19%; P = 0.001), and putamen (31%; P < 0.001). Brain volumes in the nucleus accumbens, pallidum, and putamen correlated modestly with stimulant use over the past four months among late Fiebig individuals (Ps < 0.05).Conclusions:Findings indicate that brain volume alterations occur in acute infection, with the most prominent differences evident in the later stages of AHI. Additional studies are needed to evaluate mechanisms for possible brain disruption following ART, including viral factors and markers of neuroinflammation.
AB - Objective:People with chronic HIV exhibit lower regional brain volumes compared to people without HIV (PWOH). Whether imaging alterations observed in chronic infection occur in acute HIV infection (AHI) remains unknown.Design:Cross-sectional study of Thai participants with AHI.Methods:One hundred and twelve Thai males with AHI (age 20-46) and 18 male Thai PWOH (age 18-40) were included. Individuals with AHI were stratified into early (Fiebig I-II; n = 32) and late (Fiebig III-V; n = 80) stages of acute infection using validated assays. T1-weighted scans were acquired using a 3 T MRI performed within five days of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Volumes for the amygdala, caudate nucleus, hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, pallidum, putamen, and thalamus were compared across groups.Results:Participants in late Fiebig stages exhibited larger volumes in the nucleus accumbens (8% larger; P = 0.049) and putamen (19%; P < 0.001) when compared to participants in the early Fiebig. Compared to PWOH, participants in late Fiebig exhibited larger volumes of the amygdala (9% larger; P = 0.002), caudate nucleus (11%; P = 0.005), nucleus accumbens (15%; P = 0.004), pallidum (19%; P = 0.001), and putamen (31%; P < 0.001). Brain volumes in the nucleus accumbens, pallidum, and putamen correlated modestly with stimulant use over the past four months among late Fiebig individuals (Ps < 0.05).Conclusions:Findings indicate that brain volume alterations occur in acute infection, with the most prominent differences evident in the later stages of AHI. Additional studies are needed to evaluate mechanisms for possible brain disruption following ART, including viral factors and markers of neuroinflammation.
KW - acute HIV infection
KW - biomarkers
KW - brain
KW - magnetic resonance imaging
KW - neuroimaging
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85152174261&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003496
DO - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003496
M3 - Article
C2 - 36723491
AN - SCOPUS:85152174261
SN - 0269-9370
VL - 37
SP - 861
EP - 869
JO - AIDS
JF - AIDS
IS - 6
ER -