TY - JOUR
T1 - Decreased Self-reported Physical Fitness Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Impact of Vaccine Boosters in a Cohort Study
AU - EPICC COVID-19 Cohort Study Group
AU - Richard, Stephanie A
AU - Scher, Ann I
AU - Rusiecki, Jennifer
AU - Byrne, Celia
AU - Berjohn, Catherine M
AU - Fries, Anthony C
AU - Lalani, Tahaniyat
AU - Smith, Alfred G
AU - Mody, Rupal M
AU - Ganesan, Anuradha
AU - Huprikar, Nikhil
AU - Colombo, Rhonda E
AU - Colombo, Christopher J
AU - Schofield, Christina
AU - Lindholm, David A
AU - Mende, Katrin
AU - Morris, Michael J
AU - Jones, Milissa U
AU - Flanagan, Ryan
AU - Larson, Derek T
AU - Ewers, Evan C
AU - Bazan, Samantha E
AU - Saunders, David
AU - Maves, Ryan C
AU - Livezey, Jeffrey
AU - Maldonado, Carlos J
AU - Edwards, Margaret Sanchez
AU - Rozman, Julia S
AU - O'Connell, Robert J
AU - Simons, Mark P
AU - Tribble, David R
AU - Agan, Brian K
AU - Burgess, Timothy H
AU - Pollett, Simon D
N1 - © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.
PY - 2023/12
Y1 - 2023/12
N2 - BACKGROUND: The long-term effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on physical fitness are unclear, and the impact of vaccination on that relationship is uncertain.METHODS: We compared survey responses in a 1-year study of US military service members with (n = 1923) and without (n = 1591) a history of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We fit Poisson regression models to estimate the association between history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and fitness impairment, adjusting for time since infection, demographics, and baseline health.RESULTS: The participants in this analysis were primarily young adults aged 18-39 years (75%), and 71.5% were male. Participants with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely to report difficulty exercising (38.7% vs 18.4%; P < .01), difficulty performing daily activities (30.4% vs 12.7%; P < .01), and decreased fitness test (FT) scores (42.7% vs 26.2%; P < .01) than those without a history of infection. SARS-CoV-2-infected participants were at higher risk of these outcomes after adjusting for other factors (unvaccinated: exercising: adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 3.99; 95% CI, 3.36-4.73; activities: aRR, 5.02; 95% CI, 4.09-6.16; FT affected: aRR, 2.55; 95% CI, 2.19-2.98). Among SARS-CoV-2-positive participants, full vaccination before infection was associated with a lower risk of post-COVID-19 fitness impairment (fully vaccinated: exercise: aRR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.70-0.95; activities: aRR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.64-0.91; FT: aRR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76-1.00; boosted: exercise: aRR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.51-0.74; activities: aRR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.41-0.65; FT: aRR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.49-0.70).CONCLUSIONS: In this study of generally young, healthy military service members, SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with lower self-reported fitness and exercise capacity; vaccination and boosting were associated with lower risk of self-reported fitness loss.
AB - BACKGROUND: The long-term effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on physical fitness are unclear, and the impact of vaccination on that relationship is uncertain.METHODS: We compared survey responses in a 1-year study of US military service members with (n = 1923) and without (n = 1591) a history of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We fit Poisson regression models to estimate the association between history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and fitness impairment, adjusting for time since infection, demographics, and baseline health.RESULTS: The participants in this analysis were primarily young adults aged 18-39 years (75%), and 71.5% were male. Participants with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely to report difficulty exercising (38.7% vs 18.4%; P < .01), difficulty performing daily activities (30.4% vs 12.7%; P < .01), and decreased fitness test (FT) scores (42.7% vs 26.2%; P < .01) than those without a history of infection. SARS-CoV-2-infected participants were at higher risk of these outcomes after adjusting for other factors (unvaccinated: exercising: adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 3.99; 95% CI, 3.36-4.73; activities: aRR, 5.02; 95% CI, 4.09-6.16; FT affected: aRR, 2.55; 95% CI, 2.19-2.98). Among SARS-CoV-2-positive participants, full vaccination before infection was associated with a lower risk of post-COVID-19 fitness impairment (fully vaccinated: exercise: aRR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.70-0.95; activities: aRR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.64-0.91; FT: aRR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76-1.00; boosted: exercise: aRR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.51-0.74; activities: aRR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.41-0.65; FT: aRR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.49-0.70).CONCLUSIONS: In this study of generally young, healthy military service members, SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with lower self-reported fitness and exercise capacity; vaccination and boosting were associated with lower risk of self-reported fitness loss.
U2 - 10.1093/ofid/ofad579
DO - 10.1093/ofid/ofad579
M3 - Article
C2 - 38130596
SN - 2328-8957
VL - 10
SP - ofad579
JO - Open Forum Infectious Diseases
JF - Open Forum Infectious Diseases
IS - 12
ER -