TY - JOUR
T1 - Development of a dietary formulation of the SHetA2 chemoprevention drug for mice
AU - Benbrook, Doris M.
AU - Janakiram, Naveena B.
AU - Chandra, Vishal
AU - Pathuri, Gopal
AU - Madka, Venkateshwar
AU - Stratton, Nicole C.
AU - Masamha, Chioniso P.
AU - Farnsworth, Cassadie N.
AU - Garcia-Contreras, Lucila
AU - Hatipoglu, Manolya Kukut
AU - Lighfoot, Stan
AU - Rao, Chinthalapally V.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017, The Author(s).
PY - 2018/8/1
Y1 - 2018/8/1
N2 - Development of cancer chemoprevention compounds requires enhanced consideration for toxicity and route of administration because the target population is healthy. The small molecule drug, SHetA2 (NSC 726189), exhibited in vivo chemoprevention activity and lack of toxicity when administered by oral gavage. Our objective was to determine if a dietary formulation of SHetA2 could achieve effective tissue drug levels without toxicity. C57bl/6 J mice were monitored on modified American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)76A diet mixed with SHetA2 in a 3:1 ratio with Kolliphor HS15, a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) to deliver 37.5, 62.5, 125, 187 or 250 mg SHetA2/kg/day. Blood and tissues were evaluated after 1, 3 and 6 weeks. The 187 mg/kg/day dose was identified as optimal based on achievement of maximum blood and tissue drug levels in the effective micromolar range without evidence of toxicity. The 250 mg/kg/day group exhibited lower drug levels and the highest intestinal drug content suggesting that an upper limit of intestinal absorption had been surpassed. Only this highest dose resulted in liver and kidney function tests that were outside of the normal range, and significant reduction of cyclin D1 protein in normal cervical tissue. SHetA2 reduced cyclin D1 to greater extents in cancer compared to non-cancer cell cultures. Given this differential effect, optimal chemoprevention without toxicity would be expected to occur at doses that reduced cyclin D1 in neoplastic, but not in normal tissues. These findings support further development of SHetA2 as a chemoprevention agent and potential food additive.
AB - Development of cancer chemoprevention compounds requires enhanced consideration for toxicity and route of administration because the target population is healthy. The small molecule drug, SHetA2 (NSC 726189), exhibited in vivo chemoprevention activity and lack of toxicity when administered by oral gavage. Our objective was to determine if a dietary formulation of SHetA2 could achieve effective tissue drug levels without toxicity. C57bl/6 J mice were monitored on modified American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)76A diet mixed with SHetA2 in a 3:1 ratio with Kolliphor HS15, a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) to deliver 37.5, 62.5, 125, 187 or 250 mg SHetA2/kg/day. Blood and tissues were evaluated after 1, 3 and 6 weeks. The 187 mg/kg/day dose was identified as optimal based on achievement of maximum blood and tissue drug levels in the effective micromolar range without evidence of toxicity. The 250 mg/kg/day group exhibited lower drug levels and the highest intestinal drug content suggesting that an upper limit of intestinal absorption had been surpassed. Only this highest dose resulted in liver and kidney function tests that were outside of the normal range, and significant reduction of cyclin D1 protein in normal cervical tissue. SHetA2 reduced cyclin D1 to greater extents in cancer compared to non-cancer cell cultures. Given this differential effect, optimal chemoprevention without toxicity would be expected to occur at doses that reduced cyclin D1 in neoplastic, but not in normal tissues. These findings support further development of SHetA2 as a chemoprevention agent and potential food additive.
KW - Cyclin D1
KW - Dietary formulation
KW - Intestinal absorption
KW - Kolliphor HS15
KW - SHetA2
KW - Toxicity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85038841575&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10637-017-0550-0
DO - 10.1007/s10637-017-0550-0
M3 - Article
C2 - 29273857
AN - SCOPUS:85038841575
SN - 0167-6997
VL - 36
SP - 561
EP - 570
JO - Investigational New Drugs
JF - Investigational New Drugs
IS - 4
ER -