TY - CHAP
T1 - Equation-based models of dynamic biological systems
AU - Clermont, Gilles
AU - Vodovotz, Yoram
AU - Rubin, Jonathan
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health grants R01-GM-67240-02, P50-GM-53789-08, R01-HL080926-01, and R01-HL-76157-02; as well as grants from the Pittsburgh Lifesciences Greenhouse and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Publisher Copyright:
© Cambridge University Press 2007 and 2009.
PY - 2007/1/1
Y1 - 2007/1/1
N2 - The endothelium serves barrier, synthetic and catalytic functions and is a site of complex interacting processes involving a large number of biological components. Mathematical modeling might provide valuable insight into the global integration of those interactions into tissue function. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a nontechnical review of a well-established modeling platform, namely differential equations, that harnesses the powerful tools of calculus to analyze the time-dependent behavior of dynamical systems. Differential equations have been abundantly used by modelers. Yet, this framework is largely unknown to basic and clinical scientists. We will briefly describe this framework, provide examples that relate to endothelium modeling, and discuss its strengths and weaknesses (Figure 191.1). DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS: A dynamical system is an amalgam of interacting components together with a set of rules for how the states of the components evolve in time, and so the notion of time evolution is key when thinking about such a system. Many primary or calculated useful physiological quantities, such as cardiac output and vascular resistance, are related in a static fashion. In other words, one can relate these quantities by means of algebraic equations of varying complexity. The equations resulting from drawing an analogy between electrical circuits and the circulation have led to additional appealing concepts, such as peripheral vascular resistance and vascular capacitance. However, the clinician is clearly aware that these quantities change over time as the “system” adapts to changing external and internal conditions such as fluid administration, local concentration of effectors, or drug dose.
AB - The endothelium serves barrier, synthetic and catalytic functions and is a site of complex interacting processes involving a large number of biological components. Mathematical modeling might provide valuable insight into the global integration of those interactions into tissue function. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a nontechnical review of a well-established modeling platform, namely differential equations, that harnesses the powerful tools of calculus to analyze the time-dependent behavior of dynamical systems. Differential equations have been abundantly used by modelers. Yet, this framework is largely unknown to basic and clinical scientists. We will briefly describe this framework, provide examples that relate to endothelium modeling, and discuss its strengths and weaknesses (Figure 191.1). DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS: A dynamical system is an amalgam of interacting components together with a set of rules for how the states of the components evolve in time, and so the notion of time evolution is key when thinking about such a system. Many primary or calculated useful physiological quantities, such as cardiac output and vascular resistance, are related in a static fashion. In other words, one can relate these quantities by means of algebraic equations of varying complexity. The equations resulting from drawing an analogy between electrical circuits and the circulation have led to additional appealing concepts, such as peripheral vascular resistance and vascular capacitance. However, the clinician is clearly aware that these quantities change over time as the “system” adapts to changing external and internal conditions such as fluid administration, local concentration of effectors, or drug dose.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77952158722&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/CBO9780511546198.192
DO - 10.1017/CBO9780511546198.192
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:77952158722
SN - 0521853761
SN - 9780521853767
SP - 1780
EP - 1785
BT - Endothelial Biomedicine
PB - Cambridge University Press
ER -