TY - JOUR
T1 - Etiology of diarrhea in young children and patterns of antibiotic resistance in Cambodia
AU - Meng, Chhour Y.
AU - Smith, Bryan L.
AU - Bodhidatta, Ladaporn
AU - Richard, Stephanie A.
AU - Vansith, Ket
AU - Thy, Ban
AU - Srijan, Apichai
AU - Serichantalergs, Oralak
AU - Mason, Carl J.
PY - 2011/4
Y1 - 2011/4
N2 - Background: Little is known about diarrhea etiology and antibiotic resistance in developing countries where diarrhea is a major public health problem. Methods: To describe diarrhea etiology and antibiotic resistance patterns in Cambodia, 600 children aged 3 months to 5 years with acute diarrhea (cases) and 578 children without diarrhea (controls) were enrolled from a hospital in Phnom Penh. Stool samples were collected, and pathogens and antibiotic resistance patterns were described. Results: The most frequently isolated pathogens in these cases were enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (20%) and rotavirus (26%). Enterotoxigenic E. coli, enteroaggregative E. coli, Shigella, Aeromonas, rotavirus, and adenovirus were statistically significantly associated with diarrhea. Among cases, vomiting was associated with viral infections, whereas bloody stool was associated with Shigella. Enterotoxigenic E. coli isolates were highly resistant to ampicillin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline. Approximately 50% of Campylobacter coli and 30% of Campylobacter jejuni isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. Over 33% of Salmonella isolates were resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline, and almost 100% of Shigella isolates were resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Conclusions: These data on the etiology of diarrhea and antibiotic resistance patterns in Cambodia will have significant effect on local public health policies and on local resource prioritization practices.
AB - Background: Little is known about diarrhea etiology and antibiotic resistance in developing countries where diarrhea is a major public health problem. Methods: To describe diarrhea etiology and antibiotic resistance patterns in Cambodia, 600 children aged 3 months to 5 years with acute diarrhea (cases) and 578 children without diarrhea (controls) were enrolled from a hospital in Phnom Penh. Stool samples were collected, and pathogens and antibiotic resistance patterns were described. Results: The most frequently isolated pathogens in these cases were enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (20%) and rotavirus (26%). Enterotoxigenic E. coli, enteroaggregative E. coli, Shigella, Aeromonas, rotavirus, and adenovirus were statistically significantly associated with diarrhea. Among cases, vomiting was associated with viral infections, whereas bloody stool was associated with Shigella. Enterotoxigenic E. coli isolates were highly resistant to ampicillin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline. Approximately 50% of Campylobacter coli and 30% of Campylobacter jejuni isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. Over 33% of Salmonella isolates were resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline, and almost 100% of Shigella isolates were resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Conclusions: These data on the etiology of diarrhea and antibiotic resistance patterns in Cambodia will have significant effect on local public health policies and on local resource prioritization practices.
KW - Antibiotic
KW - Cambodia
KW - Children
KW - Diarrhea
KW - Rotavirus
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79954588031&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181fb6f82
DO - 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181fb6f82
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:79954588031
SN - 0891-3668
VL - 30
SP - 331
EP - 335
JO - Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
JF - Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
IS - 4
ER -