TY - JOUR
T1 - Expression of galanin and its receptors are perturbed in a rodent model of mild, blast-induced traumatic brain injury
AU - Kawa, Lizan
AU - Barde, Swapnali
AU - Arborelius, Ulf P.
AU - Theodorsson, Elvar
AU - Agoston, Denes
AU - Risling, Mårten
AU - Hökfelt, Tomas
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2016/5/1
Y1 - 2016/5/1
N2 - The symptomatology, mood and cognitive disturbances seen in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild blast-induced traumatic brain injury (mbTBI) overlap considerably. However the pathological mechanisms underlying the two conditions are currently unknown. The neuropeptide galanin has been suggested to play a role in the development of stress and mood disorders. Here we applied bio- and histochemical methods with the aim to elucidate the nature of any changes in the expression of galanin and its receptors in a rodent model of mbTBI. In situ hybridization and quantitative polymerase chain reaction studies revealed significant, injury-induced changes, in some cases lasting at least for one week, in the mRNA levels of galanin and/or its three receptors, galanin receptor 1-3 (GalR1-3). Such changes were seen in several forebrain regions, and the locus coeruleus. In the ventral periaqueductal gray GalR1 mRNA levels were increased, while GalR2 were decreased. Analysis of galanin peptide levels using radioimmunoassay demonstrated an increase in several brain regions including the locus coeruleus, dorsal hippocampal formation and amygdala. These findings suggest a role for the galanin system in the endogenous response to mbTBI, and that pharmacological studies of the effects of activation or inhibition of different galanin receptors in combination with functional assays of behavioral recovery may reveal promising targets for new therapeutic strategies in mbTBI.
AB - The symptomatology, mood and cognitive disturbances seen in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild blast-induced traumatic brain injury (mbTBI) overlap considerably. However the pathological mechanisms underlying the two conditions are currently unknown. The neuropeptide galanin has been suggested to play a role in the development of stress and mood disorders. Here we applied bio- and histochemical methods with the aim to elucidate the nature of any changes in the expression of galanin and its receptors in a rodent model of mbTBI. In situ hybridization and quantitative polymerase chain reaction studies revealed significant, injury-induced changes, in some cases lasting at least for one week, in the mRNA levels of galanin and/or its three receptors, galanin receptor 1-3 (GalR1-3). Such changes were seen in several forebrain regions, and the locus coeruleus. In the ventral periaqueductal gray GalR1 mRNA levels were increased, while GalR2 were decreased. Analysis of galanin peptide levels using radioimmunoassay demonstrated an increase in several brain regions including the locus coeruleus, dorsal hippocampal formation and amygdala. These findings suggest a role for the galanin system in the endogenous response to mbTBI, and that pharmacological studies of the effects of activation or inhibition of different galanin receptors in combination with functional assays of behavioral recovery may reveal promising targets for new therapeutic strategies in mbTBI.
KW - Anxiety
KW - Cholecystokinin (CCK)
KW - Depression
KW - Neuropeptide
KW - Periaqueductal gray
KW - Receptor
KW - Transcriptional regulation
KW - Translational regulation
KW - Transmitter coexistence
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84959479445&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.02.019
DO - 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.02.019
M3 - Article
C2 - 26928087
AN - SCOPUS:84959479445
SN - 0014-4886
VL - 279
SP - 159
EP - 167
JO - Experimental Neurology
JF - Experimental Neurology
ER -