Improving response rates and evaluating nonresponse bias in surveys: AMEE Guide No. 102

Andrew W. Phillips*, Shalini Reddy, Steven J. Durning

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

200 Scopus citations

Abstract

Robust response rates are essential for effective survey-based strategies. Researchers can improve survey validity by addressing both response rates and nonresponse bias. In this AMEE Guide, we explain response rate calculations and discuss methods for improving response rates to surveys as a whole (unit nonresponse) and to questions within a survey (item nonresponse). Finally, we introduce the concept of nonresponse bias and provide simple methods to measure it.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)217-228
Number of pages12
JournalMedical Teacher
Volume38
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 3 Mar 2016
Externally publishedYes

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