TY - JOUR
T1 - Long-term outcomes after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury among military veterans
T2 - Successes and challenges
AU - Schulz-Heik, R. Jay
AU - Poole, John H.
AU - Dahdah, Marie N.
AU - Sullivan, Campbell
AU - Date, Elaine S.
AU - Salerno, Rose M.
AU - Schwab, Karen
AU - Harris, Odette
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
PY - 2016/2/23
Y1 - 2016/2/23
N2 - Objective: To assess long-term outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) among veterans and service members.Setting: Regional Veterans Affairs medical centre.Participants: One hundred and eighteen veterans and military personnel, aged 23-70 years (median = 35 years), 90% male, had moderate-to-severe TBI (82% in coma > 1 day, 85% amnesic > 7 days), followed by acute interdisciplinary rehabilitation 5-16 years ago (median = 8 years).Design: Cross-sectional analysis of live interviews conducted via telephone.Main measures: TBI follow-up interview (occupational, social, cognitive, neurologic and psychiatric ratings), Community Integration Questionnaire, Disability Rating Scale (four indices of independent function) and Satisfaction with Life Scale.Results: At follow-up, 52% of participants were working or attending school; 34% ended or began marriages after TBI, but the overall proportion married changed little. Finally, 22% were still moderately-to-severely disabled. However, 62% of participants judged themselves to be as satisfied or more satisfied with life than before injury. Injury severity, especially post-traumatic amnesia, was correlated with poorer outcomes in all functional domains.Conclusions: After moderate-severe TBI, most veterans assume productive roles and are satisfied with life. However, widespread difficulties and functional limitations persist. These findings suggest that veteran and military healthcare systems should continue periodic, comprehensive follow-up evaluations long after moderate-to-severe TBI.
AB - Objective: To assess long-term outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) among veterans and service members.Setting: Regional Veterans Affairs medical centre.Participants: One hundred and eighteen veterans and military personnel, aged 23-70 years (median = 35 years), 90% male, had moderate-to-severe TBI (82% in coma > 1 day, 85% amnesic > 7 days), followed by acute interdisciplinary rehabilitation 5-16 years ago (median = 8 years).Design: Cross-sectional analysis of live interviews conducted via telephone.Main measures: TBI follow-up interview (occupational, social, cognitive, neurologic and psychiatric ratings), Community Integration Questionnaire, Disability Rating Scale (four indices of independent function) and Satisfaction with Life Scale.Results: At follow-up, 52% of participants were working or attending school; 34% ended or began marriages after TBI, but the overall proportion married changed little. Finally, 22% were still moderately-to-severely disabled. However, 62% of participants judged themselves to be as satisfied or more satisfied with life than before injury. Injury severity, especially post-traumatic amnesia, was correlated with poorer outcomes in all functional domains.Conclusions: After moderate-severe TBI, most veterans assume productive roles and are satisfied with life. However, widespread difficulties and functional limitations persist. These findings suggest that veteran and military healthcare systems should continue periodic, comprehensive follow-up evaluations long after moderate-to-severe TBI.
KW - Outcome
KW - Rehabilitation
KW - Social reintegration
KW - Traumatic brain injury
KW - Work
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84958062499&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3109/02699052.2015.1113567
DO - 10.3109/02699052.2015.1113567
M3 - Article
C2 - 26853377
AN - SCOPUS:84958062499
SN - 0269-9052
VL - 30
SP - 271
EP - 279
JO - Brain Injury
JF - Brain Injury
IS - 3
ER -