Management of Mangled Extremities and Orthopaedic War Injuries

In 16 years of conflict, primarily in Iraq and Afghanistan, wounded warriors have primarily been subjected to blast type of injuries. Evacuation strategies have led to unprecedented survival rates in blast-injured soldiers, resulting in large numbers of wounded warriors with complex limb trauma. Bone and soft tissue defects have resulted in increased use of complex reconstructive algorithms to restore limbs and function. In addition, in failed salvage attempts, advances in amputation options are being developed. In this review, we summarize state-of-the-art limb-salvage methods for both soft tissue and bone. In addition, we discuss advances in diagnostic methods with development of personalized clinical decision support tools designed to optimize outcomes after severe blast injuries. Finally, we present new advances in osteointegrated prostheses for above-knee amputations.