Outcomes following splenectomy in patients with myeloid neoplasms

Kristy L. Rialon, Paul J. Speicher, Eugene P. Ceppa, Victoria R. Rendell, Steven N. Vaslef, Anne Beaven, Douglas S. Tyler, Dan G. Blazer*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

12 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Myeloid neoplasms are classified into five major categories. These patients may develop splenomegaly and require splenectomy to alleviate mechanical symptoms, to ameliorate transfusion-dependent cytopenias, or to enhance stem cell transplantation. The objective of this study was to determine which clinical variables significantly impacted morbidity, mortality, and survival in patients with myeloid neoplasms undergoing splenectomy, and to determine if operative outcomes have improved over time. Methods: The records of all patients with myeloid neoplasms undergoing splenectomy from 1993 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Eighty-nine patients (n=89) underwent splenectomy for myeloid neoplasms. Over half of patients who had symptoms preoperatively had resolution of their symptoms post-splenectomy. The morbidity rate was 38%, with the most common complications being bleeding (14%) or infection (20%). Thirty-day mortality rate was 18% and median survival after splenectomy was 278 days. Decreased survival was associated with a diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative neoplasm, anemia, abnormal white blood cell count, and hypoalbuminemia. Patients who underwent stem cell transplantation did not show an increased risk for morbidity or mortality. Conclusions: Patients with myeloid neoplasms have a poor prognosis after splenectomy and the decision to operate is a difficult one, associated with high morbidity and mortality.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)389-395
Number of pages7
JournalJournal of Surgical Oncology
Volume111
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Mar 2015
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Acute myeloid leukemia
  • Hypersplenism
  • Myelofibrosis
  • Myeloproliferative neoplasm
  • Splenomegaly

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