Placental Exosomes as Biomarkers for Maternal Diseases: Current Advances in Isolation, Characterization, and Detection

Cong Minh Nguyen, Mohamed Sallam, Md Sajedul Islam, Kimberley Clack, Narshone Soda, Nam Trung Nguyen, Muhammad J.A. Shiddiky*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Serving as the interface between fetal and maternal circulation, the placenta plays a critical role in fetal growth and development. Placental exosomes are small membrane-bound extracellular vesicles released by the placenta during pregnancy. They contain a variety of biomolecules, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, which can potentially be biomarkers of maternal diseases. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated the utility of placental exosomes for the diagnosis and monitoring of pathological conditions such as pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes. This suggests that placental exosomes may serve as new biomarkers in liquid biopsy analysis. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the biological function of placental exosomes and their potential as biomarkers of maternal diseases. Additionally, this review highlights current barriers and the way forward for standardization and validation of known techniques for exosome isolation, characterization, and detection. Finally, microfluidic devices for exosome research are discussed.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2493-2513
Number of pages21
JournalACS Sensors
Volume8
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - 28 Jul 2023
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • biomarker
  • exosome isolation and characterization
  • liquid biopsy
  • maternal disease
  • placental exosome
  • syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicles

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