TY - JOUR
T1 - Serum Fc-Mediated Monocyte Phagocytosis Activity Is Stable for Several Months after SARS-CoV-2 Asymptomatic and Mildly Symptomatic Infection
AU - Vangeti, Sindhu
AU - Periasamy, Sivakumar
AU - Sun, Peifang
AU - Balinsky, Corey A.
AU - Mahajan, Avinash S.
AU - Kuzmina, Natalia A.
AU - Soares-Schanoski, Alessandra
AU - Cooper, Elizabeth
AU - Beckett, Charmagne
AU - Marayag, Jan
AU - Marrone, Amethyst
AU - Nunez, Edgar
AU - Ge, Yongchao
AU - Porter, Chad K.
AU - Goforth, Carl W.
AU - Lizewski, Stephen E.
AU - Lizewski, Rhonda
AU - Jani, Vihasi
AU - Sugiharto, Victor A.
AU - Schilling, Megan
AU - Yu, Xuechen B.
AU - Marjanovic, Nada
AU - George, Mary Catherine
AU - Bukreyev, Alexander
AU - Sealfon, Stuart C.
AU - Letizia, Andrew G.
AU - Ramos, Irene
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/11
Y1 - 2022/11
N2 - We investigated the temporal profile of multiple components of the serological response after asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, in a cohort of 67 previously SARS-CoV-2 naive young adults, up to 8.5 months after infection. We found a significant decrease of spike IgG and neutralization antibody titers from early (11 to 56 days) to late (4 to 8.5 months) time points postinfection. Over the study period, S1-specific IgG levels declined significantly faster than that of the S2-specific IgG. Further, serum antibodies from PCR-confirmed participants cross-recognized S2, but not S1, of the betacoronaviruses HKU1 and OC43, suggesting a greater degree of cross-reactivity of S2 among betacoronaviruses. Antibody-Dependent Natural Killer cell Activation (ADNKA) was detected at the early time point but significantly decreased at the late time point. Induction of serum Antibody-Dependent Monocyte Phagocytosis (ADMP) was detected in all the infected participants, and its levels remained stable over time. Additionally, a reduced percentage of participants had detectable neutralizing activity against the Beta (50%), Gamma (61 to 67%), and Delta (90 to 94%) variants, both early and late postinfection, compared to the ancestral strain (100%). Antibody binding to S1 and RBD of Beta, Gamma, Delta (1.7 to 2.3-fold decrease), and Omicron (10 to 16-fold decrease) variants was also significantly reduced compared to the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain. Overall, we found variable temporal profiles of specific components and functionality of the serological response to SARS-CoV-2 in young adults, which is characterized by lasting, but decreased, neutralizing activity and antibody binding to S1, stable ADMP activity, and relatively stable S2-specific IgG levels.
AB - We investigated the temporal profile of multiple components of the serological response after asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, in a cohort of 67 previously SARS-CoV-2 naive young adults, up to 8.5 months after infection. We found a significant decrease of spike IgG and neutralization antibody titers from early (11 to 56 days) to late (4 to 8.5 months) time points postinfection. Over the study period, S1-specific IgG levels declined significantly faster than that of the S2-specific IgG. Further, serum antibodies from PCR-confirmed participants cross-recognized S2, but not S1, of the betacoronaviruses HKU1 and OC43, suggesting a greater degree of cross-reactivity of S2 among betacoronaviruses. Antibody-Dependent Natural Killer cell Activation (ADNKA) was detected at the early time point but significantly decreased at the late time point. Induction of serum Antibody-Dependent Monocyte Phagocytosis (ADMP) was detected in all the infected participants, and its levels remained stable over time. Additionally, a reduced percentage of participants had detectable neutralizing activity against the Beta (50%), Gamma (61 to 67%), and Delta (90 to 94%) variants, both early and late postinfection, compared to the ancestral strain (100%). Antibody binding to S1 and RBD of Beta, Gamma, Delta (1.7 to 2.3-fold decrease), and Omicron (10 to 16-fold decrease) variants was also significantly reduced compared to the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain. Overall, we found variable temporal profiles of specific components and functionality of the serological response to SARS-CoV-2 in young adults, which is characterized by lasting, but decreased, neutralizing activity and antibody binding to S1, stable ADMP activity, and relatively stable S2-specific IgG levels.
KW - COVID-19
KW - Fc-mediated functions
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - antibodies
KW - infection
KW - neutralization
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144936277&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1128/spectrum.01837-22
DO - 10.1128/spectrum.01837-22
M3 - Article
C2 - 36374040
AN - SCOPUS:85144936277
SN - 2165-0497
VL - 10
JO - Microbiology Spectrum
JF - Microbiology Spectrum
IS - 6
ER -