Significant mobilization of both conventional and regulatory T cells with AMD3100

In this study, we used the rhesus macaque model to determine the impact that AMD3100 has on lymphocyte mobilization, both alone and in combination with G-CSF. Our results indicate that, unlike G-CSF, AMD3100 substantially mobilizes both B and T lymphocytes into the peripheral blood. This led to significant increases in the peripheral blood content of both effector and regulatory T-cell populations, which translated into greater accumulation of these cells in the resulting leukapheresis products. Notably, CD4+/CD25^high/CD127 ^low/FoxP3⁺ Tregs were efficiently mobilized with AMD3100-containing regimens, with as much as a 4.0-fold enrichment in the leukapheresis product compared with G-CSF alone. CD8⁺T cells were mobilized to a greater extentthan CD4⁺ T cells, with accumulation of 3.7 ± 0.4-fold more total CD8+T cells and 6.2 ± 0.4-fold more CD8⁺effector memory T cells in the leukapheresis product compared with G-CSF alone. Given that effector memory T-cell subpopulations may mediate less GVHD compared with other effector T-cell populations and that Tregs are protective against GVHD, our results indicate that AMD3100 may mobilize a GVHD-protective T-cell repertoire, which would be of benefit in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.