TY - JOUR
T1 - The burden of out of pocket costs and medical debt faced by households with chronic health conditions in the United States
AU - Richard, Patrick
AU - Walker, Regine
AU - Alexandre, Pierre
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.
PY - 2018/6
Y1 - 2018/6
N2 - Introduction To examine the relationship between chronic health conditions and out-of-pocket costs (OOPC) and medical debt. Methods Secondary data from the 2013 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) was used. Households whose head of household and spouse (for married households) were 18 to 64 years old were included. Results Households with 1 to 3 chronic conditions had higher odds of having any OOPC compared to households with no chronic conditions (AOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.39, 2.17) (p < .01). Households with 1 to 3 and 4 or more chronic health conditions were associated with higher odds of having any medical debt (AOR 2.24, 95% CI 1.75 to 2.87; AOR 5.04, 95% CI 3.04 to 8.34) compared to those with no chronic conditions (p < 0.01). Similarly, 1 to 3 and 4 or more chronic health conditions was associated with higher amounts of OOPC (Exponentiated Coefficient 1.18, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.36; Exponentiated Coefficient 1.56, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.07) and medical debt (Exponentiated Coefficient 1.69, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.34; Exponentiated Coefficient 2.73, 95% CI 1.19 to 6.25) compared to households with no chronic conditions (p < 0.05). Conclusions Findings from this study show that the presence of chronic health conditions impose a large financial burden on some households.
AB - Introduction To examine the relationship between chronic health conditions and out-of-pocket costs (OOPC) and medical debt. Methods Secondary data from the 2013 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) was used. Households whose head of household and spouse (for married households) were 18 to 64 years old were included. Results Households with 1 to 3 chronic conditions had higher odds of having any OOPC compared to households with no chronic conditions (AOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.39, 2.17) (p < .01). Households with 1 to 3 and 4 or more chronic health conditions were associated with higher odds of having any medical debt (AOR 2.24, 95% CI 1.75 to 2.87; AOR 5.04, 95% CI 3.04 to 8.34) compared to those with no chronic conditions (p < 0.01). Similarly, 1 to 3 and 4 or more chronic health conditions was associated with higher amounts of OOPC (Exponentiated Coefficient 1.18, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.36; Exponentiated Coefficient 1.56, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.07) and medical debt (Exponentiated Coefficient 1.69, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.34; Exponentiated Coefficient 2.73, 95% CI 1.19 to 6.25) compared to households with no chronic conditions (p < 0.05). Conclusions Findings from this study show that the presence of chronic health conditions impose a large financial burden on some households.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85049020046&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0199598
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0199598
M3 - Article
C2 - 29940025
AN - SCOPUS:85049020046
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 13
JO - PLoS ONE
JF - PLoS ONE
IS - 6
M1 - e0199598
ER -