TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of trihalomethane and haloacetic acid exposure on fetal growth in a Maryland county
AU - Porter, Chad K.
AU - Putnam, Shannon D.
AU - Hunting, Katherine L.
AU - Riddle, Mark R.
N1 - Funding Information:
Correspondence to Chad K. Porter, Enteric Diseases Department, Infectious Disease Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910-7500 (e-mail: [email protected]).
Funding Information:
This study was part of a George Washington University (GWU) research project and was determined to be exempt from institutional review board (IRB) review by the GWU Medical Center IRB (MPA #M-1125-01).
PY - 2005/8
Y1 - 2005/8
N2 - As water flows from treatment plants to the tap, chlorine, used to disinfect surface water meant for residential use, reacts with residual organic and inorganic matter, creating chlorine disinfection by-products. In recent years, these by-products have been scrutinized as a potential reproductive and developmental hazard. This study examined whether exposure to the four total trihalomethanes or the five haloacetic acids (two major subgroups of chlorine disinfection by-products) was related to an increased risk of intrauterine growth retardation in four regions of a Maryland county from 1998 to 2002. Maternal exposure to each by-product was evaluated for each trimester as well as over the entire pregnancy. The authors were not able to demonstrate any consistent, statistically significant effect on intrauterine growth retardation associated with any of the chlorine disinfection by-products, nor did they find any indication of a dose-response relation. However, they did find some potential for a slightly elevated risk of intrauterine growth retardation during the second and third trimesters for both total trihalomethanes and five haloacetic acids when comparing increasing quintiles of exposure to constituents of total trihalomethanes and five haloacetic acids.
AB - As water flows from treatment plants to the tap, chlorine, used to disinfect surface water meant for residential use, reacts with residual organic and inorganic matter, creating chlorine disinfection by-products. In recent years, these by-products have been scrutinized as a potential reproductive and developmental hazard. This study examined whether exposure to the four total trihalomethanes or the five haloacetic acids (two major subgroups of chlorine disinfection by-products) was related to an increased risk of intrauterine growth retardation in four regions of a Maryland county from 1998 to 2002. Maternal exposure to each by-product was evaluated for each trimester as well as over the entire pregnancy. The authors were not able to demonstrate any consistent, statistically significant effect on intrauterine growth retardation associated with any of the chlorine disinfection by-products, nor did they find any indication of a dose-response relation. However, they did find some potential for a slightly elevated risk of intrauterine growth retardation during the second and third trimesters for both total trihalomethanes and five haloacetic acids when comparing increasing quintiles of exposure to constituents of total trihalomethanes and five haloacetic acids.
KW - Chlorine
KW - Disinfectants
KW - Fetal growth retardation
KW - Trihalomethanes
KW - Water supply
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=23944507113&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/aje/kwi211
DO - 10.1093/aje/kwi211
M3 - Article
C2 - 16014784
AN - SCOPUS:23944507113
SN - 0002-9262
VL - 162
SP - 334
EP - 344
JO - American Journal of Epidemiology
JF - American Journal of Epidemiology
IS - 4
ER -