The high risk newborn. Management and outcome of prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and other major neonatal problems

Optimal care of the high risk newborn can contribute to reduced neonatal mortality rates and, most important, to improved quality survival. Achievement of optimal neonatal survival rates and developmental outcome requires attention to the following priorities: Earlier recognition and improved management of the high risk pregnancy and delivery and optimal utilization of neonatal centers with emergency transport capabilities. Avoidance of cold stress. Achievement of adequate nutrition within the first 2 to 3 days of life and of optimal caloric and protein intake within the first wk. Maintenance of adequate hydration in the small premature. Earlier recognition and therapeutic intervention in all neonatal surgical abnormalities. Earlier recognition of deteriorating respiratory status and provision for appropriate assisted ventilation prior to the actual occurrence of hypoxia.