The Long-Term Impact of Fuel Exposure (LIFE) Study: A Tri-Service Cohort of United States Veterans with Military Occupational Exposure to Jet Fuels

Elizabeth R. Heitz, Nicholas A. Tilton, Justin G. Bergeron, Gregory Wolff, Jennifer A. Rusiecki, Aaron I. Schneiderman, Warren S. Monks, Christopher Edwards, Gillon D. Marchetti, Terra D. Vincent-Hall*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Jet fuels are a complex mixture of hydrocarbons and performance additives, including some compounds with established human toxicity. They represent a significant occupational hazard for military personnel; however, little is known about possible long-term health effects, particularly following cessation of exposure. In response to United States (US) Veterans’ concerns, the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Department of Defense (DoD) launched a large retrospective cohort study to assess the impact of military occupational jet fuel exposure on Veterans’ health. The Long-Term Impact of Fuel Exposure (LIFE) cohort consists of over 1.3 million Veterans who entered service on or after 1 January 1995, including both individuals with jet fuel-exposed occupations in their service history and a random sample of unexposed Veterans. Data from multiple VA and DoD administrative datasets were linked to evaluate morbidity, disability, and mortality endpoints. Analyses are underway to assess associations between jet fuel exposure and adverse health outcomes in multiple body systems. This study represents the largest effort to date to investigate these effects, with the intention of informing policies affecting Veterans for years to come.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1337
JournalInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Volume22
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2025

Keywords

  • Veterans
  • aircraft fuel
  • chronic disease
  • exposure assessment
  • health outcomes
  • jet fuel
  • long-term effects
  • military
  • occupational health
  • retrospective cohort

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