@article{188251a2f47b432e8603d087f7c623bf,
title = "The transmission dynamics and diversity of human metapneumovirus in Peru",
abstract = "Background: The transmission dynamics of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) in tropical countries remain unclear. Further understanding of the genetic diversity of the virus could aid in HMPV vaccine design and improve our understanding of respiratory virus transmission dynamics in low- and middle-income countries. Materials & Methods: We examined the evolution of HMPV in Peru through phylogenetic analysis of 61 full genome HMPV sequences collected in three ecologically diverse regions of Peru (Lima, Piura, and Iquitos) during 2008-2012, comprising the largest data set of HMPV whole genomes sequenced from any tropical country to date. Results: We revealed extensive genetic diversity generated by frequent viral introductions, with little evidence of local persistence. While considerable viral traffic between non-Peruvian countries and Peru was observed, HMPV epidemics in Peruvian locales were more frequently epidemiologically linked with other sites within Peru. We showed that Iquitos experienced greater HMPV traffic than the similar sized city of Piura by both Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods. Conclusions: There is extensive HMPV genetic diversity even within smaller and relatively less connected cities of Peru and this virus is spatially fluid. Greater diversity of HMPV in Iquitos compared to Piura may relate to higher volumes of human movement, including air traffic to this location.",
keywords = "Peru, human metapneumovirus, phylogeography, transmission dynamics",
author = "Simon Pollett and Trov{\~a}o, {Nidia S.} and Yi Tan and Eden, {John Sebastian} and Halpin, {Rebecca A.} and Jayati Bera and Das, {Suman R.} and David Wentworth and Victor Oca{\~n}a and Mendocilla, {Silvia M.} and Carlos {\'A}lvarez and Calisto, {Maria E.} and Josefina Garcia and Eric Halsey and Ampuero, {Julia S.} and Nelson, {Martha I.} and Mariana Leguia",
note = "Funding Information: Funding information The influenza-like illness surveillance study from which specimens were derived was funded by the US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (DoD-GEIS), a division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, WORK UNIT NUMBER:847705.82000.25GB.B0016. The sequencing was funded by federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services under Contract No. HHSN272200900007C, and data analyses were performed under the JCVI Genomic Centers for Infectious Diseases Program grant support (NIH/NIAID U19 AI110819). Funding Information: The influenza-like illness surveillance study from which specimens were derived was funded by the US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (DoD-GEIS), a division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, WORK UNIT NUMBER:847705.82000.25GB. B0016. The sequencing was funded by federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services under Contract No. HHSN272200900007C, and data analyses were performed under the JCVI Genomic Centers for Infectious Diseases Program grant support (NIH/NIAID U19 AI110819). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.",
year = "2018",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1111/irv.12537",
language = "English",
volume = "12",
pages = "508--513",
journal = "Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses",
issn = "1750-2640",
number = "4",
}