TY - JOUR
T1 - Trunk position influences the kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity of the lead lower extremity during the forward lunge exercise
AU - Farrokhi, Shawn
AU - Pollard, Christine D.
AU - Souza, Richard B.
AU - Chen, Yu Jen
AU - Reischl, Stephen
AU - Powers, Christopher M.
PY - 2008/7
Y1 - 2008/7
N2 - Fish eye STUDY DESIGN: Experimental laboratory study. Fish eye OBJECTIVES: To examine how a change in trunk position influences the kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity of the lead lower extremity during the forward lunge exercise. Fish eye BACKGROUND: Altering the position of the trunk during the forward lunge exercise is thought to affect the muscular actions of the lead lower extremity. However, no studies have compared the biomechanical differences between the traditional forward lunge and its variations. Fish eye METHODS AND MEASURES: Ten healthy adults (5 males, 5 females; mean age ± SD, 26.7 ± 3.2 years) participated. Lower extremity kinematics, kinetics, and surface electromyographic (EMG) data were obtained while subjects performed 3 lunge exercises: normal lunge with the trunk erect (NL), lunge with the trunk forward (LTF), and lunge with trunk extension (LTE). A 1-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to compare lower extremity kinematics, joint impulse (area under the moment-time curve), and normalized EMG (highest 1-second window of activity for selected lower extremity muscles) among the 3 lunge conditions. Fish eye RESULTS: During the LTF condition, significant increases were noted in peak hip flexion angle, hip extensor and ankle plantar flexor impulse, as well as gluteus maximus and biceps femoris EMG (P<.015) when compared to the NL condition. During the LTE condition, a significant increase was noted in peak ankle dorsiflexion angle and a significant decrease was noted in peak hip flexion angle (P<.015) compared to the NL condition. Fish eye CONCLUSIONS: Performing a lunge with the trunk forward increased the hip extensor impulse and the recruitment of the hip extensors. In contrast, performing a forward lunge with the trunk extended did not alter joint impulse or activation of the lower extremity musculature. Fish eye LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapy, level 5.
AB - Fish eye STUDY DESIGN: Experimental laboratory study. Fish eye OBJECTIVES: To examine how a change in trunk position influences the kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity of the lead lower extremity during the forward lunge exercise. Fish eye BACKGROUND: Altering the position of the trunk during the forward lunge exercise is thought to affect the muscular actions of the lead lower extremity. However, no studies have compared the biomechanical differences between the traditional forward lunge and its variations. Fish eye METHODS AND MEASURES: Ten healthy adults (5 males, 5 females; mean age ± SD, 26.7 ± 3.2 years) participated. Lower extremity kinematics, kinetics, and surface electromyographic (EMG) data were obtained while subjects performed 3 lunge exercises: normal lunge with the trunk erect (NL), lunge with the trunk forward (LTF), and lunge with trunk extension (LTE). A 1-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to compare lower extremity kinematics, joint impulse (area under the moment-time curve), and normalized EMG (highest 1-second window of activity for selected lower extremity muscles) among the 3 lunge conditions. Fish eye RESULTS: During the LTF condition, significant increases were noted in peak hip flexion angle, hip extensor and ankle plantar flexor impulse, as well as gluteus maximus and biceps femoris EMG (P<.015) when compared to the NL condition. During the LTE condition, a significant increase was noted in peak ankle dorsiflexion angle and a significant decrease was noted in peak hip flexion angle (P<.015) compared to the NL condition. Fish eye CONCLUSIONS: Performing a lunge with the trunk forward increased the hip extensor impulse and the recruitment of the hip extensors. In contrast, performing a forward lunge with the trunk extended did not alter joint impulse or activation of the lower extremity musculature. Fish eye LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapy, level 5.
KW - Biomechanics
KW - EMG
KW - Impulse
KW - Weight bearing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=46849115602&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2519/jospt.2008.2634
DO - 10.2519/jospt.2008.2634
M3 - Article
C2 - 18591759
AN - SCOPUS:46849115602
SN - 0190-6011
VL - 38
SP - 403
EP - 409
JO - Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy
JF - Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy
IS - 7
ER -