TY - JOUR
T1 - Who's distressed? A comparison of diabetes-related distress by type of diabetes and medication
AU - Wardian, Jana L.
AU - Tate, Joshua
AU - Folaron, Irene
AU - Graybill, Sky
AU - True, Mark
AU - Sauerwein, Tom
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018
PY - 2018/8
Y1 - 2018/8
N2 - Objective: We hypothesized that diabetes-related distress would vary by type of diabetes and medication regimen [Type 1 diabetes (T1DM), Type 2 diabetes with insulin use (T2DM-i), Type 2 diabetes without insulin use (T2DM)]. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify groups with elevated diabetes-related distress. Methods: We administered the 17-item Diabetes-related Distress Scale (DDS-17) to 585 patients. We collected demographics, medications, and lab results from patient records. Results: Patients were categorized by type of diabetes and medication: T1DM (n = 149); T2DM-i (n = 333); and T2DM (n = 103). ANOVA revealed significant differences in sample characteristics. ANCOVA were conducted on all four DDS-17 domains [Emotional Burden (EB); Physician-related Distress (PD); Regimen-related Distress (RD); and Interpersonal Distress (ID)]; covariates included in the models were sex, age, duration of diabetes, BMI, and HbA1c. EB was significantly lower in T1DM than T2DM-i, p < 0.05. In addition, RD was significantly lower in T1DM than either T2DM-i, p < 0.05 and T2DM, p < 0.05. Conclusions: EB and RD are higher for those with type 2 diabetes. Thus, interventions to reduce EB and RD need to be considered for patients with type 2 diabetes. Implications: DDS-17 is useful in identifying diabetes-related distress in patients with diabetes. Efforts need to be made to reduce EB and RD.
AB - Objective: We hypothesized that diabetes-related distress would vary by type of diabetes and medication regimen [Type 1 diabetes (T1DM), Type 2 diabetes with insulin use (T2DM-i), Type 2 diabetes without insulin use (T2DM)]. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify groups with elevated diabetes-related distress. Methods: We administered the 17-item Diabetes-related Distress Scale (DDS-17) to 585 patients. We collected demographics, medications, and lab results from patient records. Results: Patients were categorized by type of diabetes and medication: T1DM (n = 149); T2DM-i (n = 333); and T2DM (n = 103). ANOVA revealed significant differences in sample characteristics. ANCOVA were conducted on all four DDS-17 domains [Emotional Burden (EB); Physician-related Distress (PD); Regimen-related Distress (RD); and Interpersonal Distress (ID)]; covariates included in the models were sex, age, duration of diabetes, BMI, and HbA1c. EB was significantly lower in T1DM than T2DM-i, p < 0.05. In addition, RD was significantly lower in T1DM than either T2DM-i, p < 0.05 and T2DM, p < 0.05. Conclusions: EB and RD are higher for those with type 2 diabetes. Thus, interventions to reduce EB and RD need to be considered for patients with type 2 diabetes. Implications: DDS-17 is useful in identifying diabetes-related distress in patients with diabetes. Efforts need to be made to reduce EB and RD.
KW - Diabetes-related distress
KW - Emotional burden
KW - Regimen distress
KW - Type 1 diabetes
KW - Type 2 diabetes
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042928251&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.pec.2018.03.001
DO - 10.1016/j.pec.2018.03.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 29525142
AN - SCOPUS:85042928251
SN - 0738-3991
VL - 101
SP - 1490
EP - 1495
JO - Patient Education and Counseling
JF - Patient Education and Counseling
IS - 8
ER -